A CD-key is something that PC games used to all have, even before quake 3. Usually you could install a game using the same cd key on multiple PCs, but only one person could use the CD key at a time when online in games. Not sure how it was on quake 3 tho, but PC games had CD keys way before quake 3, and they are the original reason why there is no used PC game market(now PC sales are mostly digital and those are not sold used either)